Through evolution plants and animals have developed defensive mechanisms, including chemical repellents and toxins, against attacking organisms. Pesticide resistance, is a genetically based phenomenon and occurs when a pesticide is used on a population containing some individuals genetically predisposed to be resistant to that pesticide. Repeated applications and higher treatment rates will kill increasing numbers of the pest but resistant survivors will pass the resistance genes to the next generation. Unless a different treatment regime is used the population will contain increasing numbers of resistant pests and where reproductive rates are high, e.g. in insects, the entire population will quickly become resistant.
Use of Different pesticide
Once a pest has developed resistance to a particular pesticide it is necessary to have other means of controlling it. One method is to use a different pesticide, especially one in a different chemical class that has a different mode of action against the pest. Care must be taken, however, that cross-resistance, i.e. resistance to several classes of pesticides, is not introduced into the population. In this article we give you a list of chemical control to products of three major agrochemical companies in Kenya.
| DISEASE/PEST | CROP ATTACKED | SYNGENTA | AMIRAN | OSHO |
| american bollworm | beans, peas, tomatoes,cotton, sorghum | match, pegasus, karate | BIFERAN 25 EC, BIFERAN 25 EC | |
| anthracnose | mangoes, citrus, tomatoes, beans, peas | score 250SC, ortiva top | PEARL 50 SC, SHUNJAA 70 WP | |
| aphids | beans, peas,sugar snaps, kales, cabbages,melons,tomatoes | karate, actara, engeo | ACEPRID 20 WSP | AGRINATE 90 SP, ALPHA 10 EC |
| army worm | maize, beans, peas,sugar snaps,tomatoes, capsicum | karate, match , engeo, voliam targo | ||
| bacterial specks | beans, peas, sugar snaps | Mercuric chloride | Agrimycin | |
| bacterial spots | beans, peas, sugar snaps | Mercuric chloride | AMICOP 25 WP | |
| bean fly | beans, peas, suagr snaps | actara, karate, match | ||
| bean leaf beetle | beans, peas, sugar snaps | karate, match, engeo | ||
| bean pod borer | beans, peas,sugar snaps | karate, match, engeo | ALPHA 10 EC | |
| blight | tomatoes,potatoes, pawpaw | revus, daconil, ridomil gold | AMICOP 50 WP, EMTHANE M-45 | MANCOFLO 455 SC, MISTRESS 72 WP |
| catterpillar | kales, cabbages,tomatoes,peppers, beans, peas | karate, match, pegasus | BIFERAN 25 EC | AGRINATE 90 SP, ALPHA 10 EC |
| CBD | coffee | daconil, quadris | ||
| coffee berry borer | coffee | actara, engeo | ||
| coffee rust | coffee | quadris, alto | ||
| cut worm | beans, peas,sugar snaps,maize, tomatoes,kales, cabbages | karate, match, engeo | ASATAF 75 SP, CYCLONE 505 SC | |
| damping off | cabbages,kales, tomatoes,cucubits, pepper, melons | ridomil, apron star | ||
| diamond back moth | kales, cabbages | karate, engeo, match | BIFERAN 25 EC, BIFERAN 25 EC | CYCLONE 505 SC, CYROGUARD 75 SC |
| downy mildew | tomatoes,pawpaw, cabbage | daconil,ridomil gold | EMTHANE 45 WP, FOLPAN 50 SC | INDOFIL M45, MASTER 72 WP |
| fruit flies | mangoes, melons, tomatoes, pawpwaw, squash, eggplant | actara, karate, match | AGRINATE 90 SP, ALPHA 10 EC | |
| leaf hopper | beans,peas,sugar snaps,tomatoes | karate, actara, engeo | BIFERAN 25 EC, BIFERAN 25 EC | |
| leaf miner | cucumber,melons,potato,sugar snaps,peas,beans,butter nuts,tomatoes | dynamemec, pegasus, actara | ABALONE 18 EC | ASATAF 75 SP, CYROGUARD 75 SC |
| leaf rust | passions,beans,peas,melons,tomatoes, onions, sugar snaps | quadris, alto | ODEON 82.5 WDG, AMICOP 25 WP | |
| leaf spots | tomatoes,passions,kales,mangoes, pawpaw,melons,beans,peas, sugar snaps,capsicum | score 250EC, ortiva top | FOLPAN 50 SC, IPPON 500 SC | |
| maize stalk borer | rice, maize, sorghum | karate, match , engeo | ALPHA 10 EC | |
| mealy bugs | tomatoes,pawpaw,passions,coffee, mangoes,oranges | actara, engeo | ASTER EXTRIM 20 SL, BEFERAN 25EC | OSHOTHION 50 SC, SULBAN 45 EC |
| mexican bean beetle | beans, peas, sugar snaps | actara, karate, match | ||
| nematodes | FENOMEN 400 EC, NEEM GOLD, | |||
| powdery mildew | tomatoes,passions,kales,mangoes, pawpaw,melons,beans,peas, sugar snaps,capsicum,mangoes | score 250SC,thiovita jet, ortiva top | NIMRODE 25 EC | COSAVET 80 DF, FLOSUL PLUSS |
| red spider mite | beans, peas, tomatoes,pawpaw,sugar snaps | dynamec, pegasus, thiovit jet | ABALONE 18 EC, ACARIN T 285 EC | BRIDGE 80 SC |
| soil blight | tomatoes,potatoes, pawpaw | ortiva, ridomil gold | ||
| thrips | passions,beans,peas,melons,tomatoes, onions, sugar snaps,pepper | pegasus, karate, engeo, actara | ACE 750 WSP, ACEPRID 20 WSP | AGRINATE 90 SP, ALPHA 10 EC |
| white flies | onions, tomatoes,beans, peas,peppers,melons,passions,sugar snaps | pegasus, karate, engeo, actara | ACEPRID 20 WSP | AGRINATE 90 SP, ALPHA 10 EC |
| white mould | french beans,peas, sugar snaps | score 250EC, thiovit jet, daconil |
Note: This list is not exhaustive and we will be revising it from time to time.